Network Neutrality

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George S. Ford, Internet Regulation and Investment in the U.S. Telecommunications Industry, Applied Economics (published online 18 December 2024).
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Phoenix Center Amicus Brief Before the Sixth Court of Appeals in Support of Petitioners in the case of In Re: MCP No. 185: Federal Communications Commission, In the Matter of Safeguarding and Securing the Open Internet, Declaratory Ruling, Order, Report and Order, and Order on Reconsideration (filed August 19, 2024). 
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@lawandeconomics IN BRIEF No. 24-01:
George S. Ford, Getting Aggressive with Broadband Regulation (May 28, 2024).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 24-04:
George S. Ford, In Response to the FCC... (April 18, 2024).
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• April 11, 2024 Letter from Dr. Guilia McHenry of the FCC's Office of Economics and Analytics [pdf] 
• Phoenix Center April 18, 2024 Freedom of Information Act Request [pdf]

PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 24-01:
George S. Ford, The Federal Communications Commission's Section 706 Problem (January 17, 2024).
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George S. Ford, Investment in the Virtuous Circle:  Theory and Empirics, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PAPER No. 62 (December 2023).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, The FCC Returns to the Law and Economics Free Zone, Federalist Society Blog (November 20, 2023).
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George S. Ford, Testing the Economics of the Net Neutrality Debate: A Comment, 45 Telecommunications Policy (June 2021).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, The Biden Administration Subjects the Internet to a “Death by 50 State Cuts”, Federalist Society Blog (February 10, 2021).
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Brief Amicus Curiae of Communications Law Scholars in Support of Plaintiffs’ Motions for Preliminary Injunction in The United States of America v. The State of California, et al. in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California (filed August 19, 2020).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, Net Neutrality Should Not Live On Through Asymmetrical Merger Commitments, Federalist Society Blog (August 13, 2020).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 20-02:
Lawrence J. Spiwak, Stepping Back onto the Escalator: Answering the D.C. Circuit’s Remand of the Pole Attachment Question (April 13, 2020).
[pdf] [press release]

Lawrence J. Spiwak, The Preemption Predicament Over Broadband Internet Access Services, 21 Federalist Society Review 32 (2020).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 19-06:
George S. Ford, Does Title II Reduce Infrastructure Investment? Repairing Hooton’s Analysis (October 15, 2019).
[pdf] [press release]

PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 19-05:
George S. Ford, Statistical Negligence in Title II Impact Analysis (October 1, 2019).
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George S. Ford, Net Neutrality and Investment in the US: A Review of Evidence from the 2018 Restoring Internet Freedom Order, 17 Review of Network Economics 175–205 (2019).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, The ‘‘Save the Internet Act’’ Raises Numerous Legal Pitfalls, Bloomberg Law (April 1, 2019).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, Congressional Democrats Make A Cynical Play To Revive Net Neutrality, The Daily Caller (March 14, 2019).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, Insight: Net Neutrality Goes Back to Court, but Will the Economics Hold Up? Bloomberg Law (January 31, 2019).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, USTelecom and its Aftermath, 71 Federal Communications Law Journal 39 (2019).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 18-09:
George S. Ford, Infrastructure Investment After Title II (November 1, 2018).
[pdf] [press release]

Lawrence J. Spiwak, Chuck Schumer Finally Speaks the Truth About Net Neutrality, InsideSources (May 16, 2018).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 18-03:
George S. Ford, Comcast’s Capital Spending After Reclassification: A Check on Claims (April 25, 2018).
[pdf] [press release]

PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 18-02:
George S. Ford, Reclassification and the Availability of “Broadband” Service: A Counterfactual Check on Recent Claims (April 19, 2018).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, Are Congressional Democrats Playing a Dangerous Game of ‘Chicken’ Over Net Neutrality?, Bloomberg Law (March 20, 2018).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, Congress Needs to Stop the Net Neutrality Definitional Merry-Go-Round, Bloomberg BNA (November 6, 2017).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, Curbing ‘Clicktivism’ at the Federal Communications Commission, The Hill (September 19, 2017).
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George S. Ford, FCC Must Dump Obama's Net Neutrality Rules for Broadband, The Hill (September 5, 2017).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, The Law, the Public Interest, and the FCC—A Critique of Title II Comments from Eleven Democratic Congressmen, Bloomberg BNA (August 25, 2017).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 17-10:
George S. Ford, A Further Review of the Internet Association’s Empirical Study on Network Neutrality and Investment (August 14, 2017).
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George S. Ford, Not Ready to Ride Into the Sunset: Chairman Wheeler and the Fight for Internet Regulation, Bloomberg BNA (August 10, 2017).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, Let's Encourage Capital Investment by Rolling Back Net Neutrality, The Hill (August 8, 2017).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 17-09:
George S. Ford, A Review of the Internet Association’s Empirical Study on Network Neutrality and Investment (July 24, 2017).
[pdf] [press release]

Lawrence J. Spiwak, Rate Regulation By Any Other Name, Broadcasting and Cable (July 17, 2017).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 17-08:
George S. Ford, Reclassification and Investment: A Statistical Look at the 2016 Data (July 13, 2017).
[pdf] [press release]

George S. Ford, Revisiting the ‘‘Virtuous Circle’’ Two Years Later, Bloomberg BNA (July 10, 2017).
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George S. Ford, The Real Story Behind Internet Regulation, Real Clear Policy (June 29, 2017).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 17-07:
George S. Ford, Broadband Speeds Post-Reclassification: An Empirical Approach (June 27, 2017).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 17-06:
George S. Ford, Below the Belt: A Review of Free Press and the Internet Association’s Investment Claims (June 20, 2017).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 17-05:
George S. Ford, “Regulatory Revival” and Employment in Telecommunications (June 12, 2017).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, USTelecom and its Aftermath, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 42 (June 2017).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 17-04:
George S. Ford, Reclassification and Investment: An Analysis of Free Press’ “It’s Working” Report (May 22, 2017).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, The Ugly Truth About Obama's "Net Neutrality", Real Clear Policy (May 18, 2017).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 17-03:
George S. Ford, Net Neutrality, Reclassification and Investment: A Further Analysis (May 16, 2017).
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T. Randolph Beard, George S. Ford and Michael Stern, Private Solutions to Broadband Adoption: An Economic Analysis, 69 Federal Communications Law Journal 1 (2017).
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PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 17-02:
George S. Ford, Net Neutrality, Reclassification and Investment: A Counterfactual Analysis (April 25, 2017).
[pdf] [press release]

T. Randolph Beard, George S. Ford and Michael Stern, Private Solutions to Broadband Adoption:  An Economic Analysis, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 38 (September 2016).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, Privacy, Profits and Broadband Investment, The Hill (June 8, 2016).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, The FCC and the “Second Side of the Market”, The Hill (January 7, 2016).
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George S. Ford, Is the FCC’s Regulatory Revival Deterring Infrastructure Investment? Bloomberg BNA (November 13, 2015).
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Phoenix Center Amicus Brief Before the D.C. Circuit in Support of Petitioners in USTelecom v. FCC.
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George S. Ford, Bait-and-Switch—Or Why the FCC’s ‘Virtuous Circle’ Theory is Nonsense, Bloomberg BNA (May 18, 2015).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, You Can't Innovate When You Have To Litigate, The Hill (April 13, 2015).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, Net Neutrality Kabuki Theater,The Hill (March 9, 2015).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, The FCC's Legal Gymnastics: Why Wheeler's Title II Approach to Network Neutrality Will Lead to Litigation, Multichannel News (February 23, 2015).
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George S. Ford and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Tariffing Internet Termination: Pricing Implications of Classifying Broadband as a Title II Telecommunications Service, 67 Federal Communications Law Journal 1 (2015).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, What Are the Bounds of the FCC’s Authority over Broadband Service Providers?—A Review of the Recent Case Law, 18 Journal of Internet Law 1 (2015).
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George S. Ford and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Section 10 Forbearance: Asking The Right Questions To Get The Right Answers, 23 CommLaw Conspectus 126 (2014).
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George S. Ford and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Section 10 Forbearance: Asking the Right Questions to Get the Right Answers, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 37 (November 2014).
[pdf] [press release]

PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 14-05:
George S. Ford and Lawrence J. Spiwak, The Unpredictable FCC: Politicizing Communications Policy and its Threat to Broadband Investment (October 14, 2014).
[pdf] [press release]

Lawrence J. Spiwak, Tariffing the Internet, The Hill (September 11, 2014).
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George S. Ford and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Tariffing Internet Termination: Pricing Implications of Classifying Broadband as a Title II Telecommunications Service, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 36 (September 2014).
[pdf] [press release]

George S. Ford, Will Net Neutrality Politics Scuttle the FCC's Upcoming Incentive Auction? The Hill (September 3, 2014).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, Understanding the Net Neutrality Debate: A Basic Legal Primer, Bloomberg BNA (July 23, 2014).
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Lawrence J. Spiwak, What Are the Bounds of the FCC’s Authority Over Broadband Service Providers? A Review of the Recent Case Law, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 35 (June 2014).
[pdf] [press release]

PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PERSPECTIVE No. 12-04:
George S. Ford and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Justifying the Ends: Section 706 and the Regulation of Broadband (August 13, 2011).
[pdf] [press release]

PHOENIX CENTER PERSPECTIVE No. 11-01:
Lawrence J. Spiwak, Federalist Implications of the FCC’s Open Internet Order
(February 8, 2011).
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T. Randolph Beard, George S. Ford, Hyeongwoo Kim, Jobs, Jobs, Jobs:  Communications Policy and Employment Effects in the Information Sector, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 25 (October 2010).
[pdf] [Press Release]

George S. Ford and Lawrence J. Spiwak, The Broadband Credibility Gap, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PAPER No. 40 (June 2010).
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PHOENIX CENTER PERSPECTIVE No 10-04: 
George S. Ford and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Substantial Profits in the Broadband Ecosystem:  A Look at the Evidence
(April 22, 2010)
[pdf] [Press Release]

PHOENIX CENTER PERSPECTIVE No. 10-03:
George S. Ford and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Non-Discrimination or Just Non-Sense:  A Law and Economics Review of the FCC’s New Net Neutrality Principle  
(March 24, 2010).
[pdf file] [Press Release]

PHOENIX CENTER PERSPECTIVE No. 10-02:
George S. Ford and Michael Stern, Sabotaging Content Competition: Do Proposed Net Neutrality Regulations Promote Exclusion?
(March 4, 2010)
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Phoenix Center Chief Economist George Ford debates Free Press Campaign Director Timothy Karr on Net Neutrality
KWIX AM 1230 - Moberly, MO
December 15, 2009
[YouTube]

Testimony of Lawrence J. Spiwak
President, Phoenix Center for Advanced Legal & Economic Public Policy Studies
Before the New York City Council - Committee on Technology in Government
Hearing on “Establishing Strong Network Neutrality Principles in Order to Protect the Internet”
(November 20, 2009).
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PHOENIX CENTER PERSPECTIVE No. 09-05:
George S. Ford, Whoops! Berkman Study Shows “Open Access” Reduces Broadband Consumption
(November 12, 2009).
[pdf file] [Press Release]

PHOENIX CENTER PERSPECTIVE No. 09-04:
George S. Ford, Finding the Bottom: A Review of Free Press’s Analysis of Network Neutrality and Investment
(October 29, 2009).
[pdf file] [Press Release]

George S. Ford, Lawrence J. Spiwak and Michael L. Stern, Expanding the Digital Divide: Network Management Regulations and the Size of Providers, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 23 (October 2009).
[pdf file] [Press Release]

T. Randolph Beard, George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Network Neutrality and Foreclosing Market Exchange, 1 Int. J. Management and Network Economics 160 (2009).
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky, & Lawrence J. Spiwak, A Policy And Economic Exploration of Wireless Carterfone Regulation, 25 Santa Clara Computer & High Tech. L.J. 647 (2009).
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Consumers and Wireless Carterfone: An Economic Perspective, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 21 (September 2008).
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Using Auction Results to Forecast the Impact of Wireless Carterfone Regulation on Wireless Networks, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 20 (Second Edition) (May 2008).
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, The Welfare Impacts of Broadband Network Management: Can Broadband Service Providers be Trusted? PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PAPER No. 32 (March 2008).
[pdf]  [docx]

Testimony of George S. Ford, PhD
Chief Economist
Phoenix Center for Advanced Legal & Economic Public Policy Studies
Before the Federal Communications Commission’s Open Meeting on Network Neutrality and Broadband Network Management
Stanford University (April 17, 2008)
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Wireless Net Neutrality:  From Carterfone to Cable Boxes, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 17 (April 2007).
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T. Randolph Beard, Ph.D, George S. Ford, Ph.D. Thomas M. Koutsky, Esq., Lawrence J. Spiwak, Esq., Network Neutrality and Industry Structure, 29 Hastings Communications and Entertainment Law Journal 149 (2007)
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PHOENIX CENTER PERSPECTIVE No. 07-01: George S. Ford, University of Florida Study Shows Only Winners from Network Neutrality Regulation to be Content Providers, Consumers Lose (March 14, 2007).
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Network Neutrality and Foreclosing Market Exchange: A Transaction Cost Analysis, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PAPER No. 28 (March 2007)
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Competition After Unbundling: Entry, Industry Structure and Convergence, 59 Federal Communications Law Journal 331 (2007).
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, The Efficiency Risk of Network Neutrality Rules, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY BULLETIN No. 16 (May 2006).
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, The Burden of Network Neutrality Mandates on Rural Broadband Deployment, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PAPER No. 25 (July 2006).
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Network Neutrality and Industry Structure, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PAPER No. 24 (April 2006).
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Competition After Unbundling: Entry, Industry Structure and Convergence, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PAPER No. 21 (July 2005).
[pdf]  [doc]