T. Randolph Beard, George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky, Lawrence J. Spiwak, Quantifying the Cost of Substandard Patents: Some Preliminary Evidence, 12 Yale Journal of Law and Technology 240 (2010).
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George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Tort Liability for Software Developers: A Law & Economics Perspective, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PAPER No. 27 (January 2007).
[pdf]  [doc]

George S. Ford, Thomas M. Koutsky and Lawrence J. Spiwak, Quantifying the Cost of Substandard Patents: Some Preliminary Evidence, PHOENIX CENTER POLICY PAPER No. 30 (September 2007).
[pdf]  [doc]